Monday, May 19, 2008

Re: [GENERAL] Vacuuming on heavily changed databases

On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 04:59:42PM +0200, Harald Armin Massa wrote:
> On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 04:50:18PM +0200, Bohdan Linda wrote:
> > I would like to ask an opinion on vacuuming general. Imagine situation
> > that you have single table with 5 fields (one varchar). This table has
> > during the day
> >
> > - cca 620 000 inserts
> > - 0 updates
> > - cca 620 000 deletes
> >
> > The table is vacuumed daily, but somehow after several months I got to
> > size of ~50GB
>
> do not vacuum DAILY. set up autovacuum to run AT LEAST every minute.

This will help if the changes to the database are evenly distributed
throughout the day, if they're very spiky then you may want to run
a vacuum after one of these bulk changes. I believe that on larger
databases for those tables that are incurring heavy modification the
admin would configure an associated session whose sole responsibility
would be to issue a never ending stream of VACUUMs. This tends to imply
larger RAID arrays that can tolerate multiple concurrent read/write
requests. I.e. something like the following, but with some error
checking:

for t in foo bar baz
do ( while echo "VACUUM $t;" && false ; do true ; done | psql ) &
done

As an ongoing thing, PG records partially filled pages in its so-called
"Free Space Map". The FSM gets updated by VACUUM and is used by the
data modification statements to find places where new data can be
written. If the FSM is too small then PG will grow the table even
though there is free space in the table (because it doesn't know it
exists). VACUUM will normally give error messages about the FSM map
being too small, that and the fact that you didn't mentioned this makes
me think you have already found an optimum value here.


Sam

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[BUGS] Win32: Postgre 8.3.1 does not work with Active perl 5.10

  • 1. Install Active perl 5.8
  • 2. Install PostgreSQL 8.3.1
  • 3. CREATE plperl FUNCTION
  • 4. Call this FUNCTION TO CHECK that plperl.dll IS loaded AND FUNCTION executed
  • 5. Deinstall Active perl 5.8
  • 6. Install Active perl 5.10
  • 7. When you call plperl FUNCTION you get next error:
  • can NOT LOAD plperl.dll library
  • The problem is that PostgreSQL search for C:/Perl/Bin/Perl58.dll but I have Perl510.dll

    Re: [PERFORM] I/O on select count(*)

    > The real question in my mind is why this turns into a bottleneck before
    > the similar task of cleaning the 16MB XLOG segment does. I expected
    > that one would need to be cracked before the CLOG switch time could
    > possibly be an issue, but reports from the field seem to suggest
    > otherwise.

    Hm, on current CPUs zeroing 8kB of RAM should take less than 2 us... now
    if it has to be written to disk, that's another story !

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    [GENERAL] Using "ident sameuser" with Mac OS X Leopard

    Hi

    I can't seem to make the "ident sameuser" authentication method
    work on Mac OS X Leopard (or "ident" with a specified mapping). It
    seems Apple removed identd from the system, I can't find it and
    nothing is listening on port 113. Any ideia how to make this work on
    Leopard?

    Yours

    Miguel Arroz


    Miguel Arroz
    http://www.terminalapp.net
    http://www.ipragma.com

    Re: [pgsql-es-ayuda] Saber permisos de usuarios sobre tablas y vistas.

    -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
    Hash: SHA1

    Hola de nuevo.

    Gracias a vuestra ayuda he conseguido saber como conocer los privilegios
    de un usuario en las tablas y vistas, mediante la función
    has_table_privilege()

    Sin ánimo de ser pesado, os voy a contar el porqué de mi interés sobre
    este tema, por si estoy equivocado o alguien puede recomendarme un mejor
    tratamiento.

    He realizado recientemente una aplicación con PHP+POSTGRESQL 8.2.

    Para hacer la conexión a la bd desde php, he usado un script con los
    datos del superusuario y la función pg_connect(). Esto implica que cada
    vez que desde php se ejecuta un query siempre es con el mismo usuario.

    Para gestionar el resto de los usuarios, lo he hecho creando una tabla
    para almacenar los datos y al iniciar el programa y tener que meter los
    datos el usuario para logearse, el superusuario consulta los datos
    (nombre y contraseña) en dicha tabla.

    Esto hasta ahora me ha servido, pero siempre he tenido la sensación de
    que no es lo mas adecuado, pues para algo tiene postgres los usuarios.

    Si por ejemplo quisiera usar un trigger de auditoría (como el que viene
    en la documentación de plpgsql), no podría recoger el usuario que
    ejecuta el query, pues siempre sería el mismo.

    Viendo la documentación, me ha parecido (no tengo un buen nivel de
    ingles) que el crear grupos y/o usuarios es lo mismo que crear roles.
    ¿Cierto?. Luego, he observado que los grupos y usuarios son para todo el
    cluster, no por base de datos.

    Supongo que en la lista habrá mas de uno que trabaje con php y postgres,
    y me gustaría saber como gestionan los usuarios, con usuarios de
    postgres o con datos almacenados en tablas.

    Saludos y muchas gracias.

    - --


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    [pgsql-es-ayuda] De nuevo con el script de respaldo.

    Saludos a la lista.

    Tengo el mismo script en dos maquinas una con PostgreSQL 7.14.9 y otra
    con 8.1 obviamente en el que tengo la version 8.1 tengo una base de
    datos llamada postgres y en la del 7.14.9 no. En la de 8.1 traabaja
    muy bien, hace un pg_dump y lo envia por correo inmediatamente - (por
    cierto no me jala con pg_dump -Fc algo estare haciendo mal) pero en
    la maquina de la version del 7.14.9 me da el siguiente error:


    pg_dump: [archivador (bd)] Falló la conexión a la base de datos
    "postgres": FATAL: no existe la base de datos "postgres"

    y el script es el siguiente:

    #!/bin/sh

    cd /home/postgres/novos

    D=`date +%y%m%d%H%M%S`

    su -l postgres -c pg_dump solargi > solargi$D.sql

    mutt -s "resp. solargi" -a "solargi$D.sql" "mi@mail" < /dev/null


    #clear


    exit


    ¿la primera pregunat que me surge es ¿ porque tiene que estar dada de
    alta una base postgres si no la estoy llamando ?
    ¿tiene que ver con las versiones ?

    ¿alguna idea?


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    Re: [HACKERS] triggers on prepare, commit, rollback... ?

    Fabien COELHO wrote:
    >
    > Dear Tom,
    >
    >>> trigger on "prepare", "commit", "rollback", "savepoint",
    >> Yup, and there won't be.
    >
    > That's a definite answer!
    >
    >> This has been suggested and rejected before. See the archives.
    >
    > I'll check into that.
    >
    >

    This is a sufficiently frequently asked question that I wish someone
    would add an entry to the FAQ about it, or add it to the TODO list's
    "Features we don't want" section.

    cheers

    andrew

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    Re: [pgsql-es-ayuda] Saber permisos de usuarios sobre tablas y vistas.

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    Fernando Moreno escribió:
    > Si es para consulta interactiva desde psql, con \dp (o \z) te bastará,
    > pero si deseas acceder a esos datos de manera programada, échale un
    > vistazo a la sección 9.22 del manual de postgresql, donde se describen
    > las funciones del tipo has_X_privilege()

    Efectivamente de eso se trataba.

    Muchas gracias.
    - --


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    [pgsql-es-ayuda] Cursos?! Mejor charlas y eventos :)

    Todos,

    Mi opinion es que por ahora no creo que haya chances de cursos que
    vayan a perdurar en constancia y tomen algun valor como tales, pero si
    de juntarnos y contarnos experiencias entre nosotros. Creo que eso va
    a ser mas provechoso que un curso.

    Por ejemplo, podemos juntarnos para algun evento. Sugiero el de
    Software Libre en Argentina, creo que es en Agosto. Armamos un stand y
    seguro podemos ofrecer alguna que otra charla. Si lo piensan, ademas
    de vernos entre nosotros y contarnos nuestras propias experiencias,
    podemos llegar a otras personas que aun no pasaron por la *experiencia
    postgresql*.

    Por supuesto escribo con animos de lograr relacionarnos a todos, y
    si no es Argentina que sea en el lugar que todos decidan. Solo tiro
    una piedra.

    Buena semana para todos,
    gb.-


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    Re: [JDBC] SET client_encoding = 'UTF8'

    On Mon, 19 May 2008, Tom Lane wrote:

    > Oliver Jowett <oliver@opencloud.com> writes:
    >> So we could add a special case in the driver to allow exactly "UTF8" as
    >> well as "UNICODE", if that's the canonical way the server spells it
    >> these days.
    >
    > +1 for that in any case, because UNICODE hasn't been the canonical
    > spelling since 8.1.
    >

    OK, I'll make this happen. A work around for the immediate problem is to
    use the URL parameter allowEncodingChanges=true.

    Kris Jurka

    http://jdbc.postgresql.org/documentation/83/connect.html#connection-parameters

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    [ODBC] [ psqlodbc-Bugs-1010397 ] SQLForeignKeys no rows returned

    Bugs item #1010397, was opened at 2008-05-19 11:58
    You can respond by visiting:

    http://pgfoundry.org/tracker/?func=detail&atid=538&aid=1010397&group_id=1000125

    Category: None
    Group: None
    Status: Open
    Resolution: None
    Priority: 3
    Submitted By: Farid Zidan (faridz)
    Assigned to: Nobody (None)
    Summary: SQLForeignKeys no rows returned

    Initial Comment:
    PostgreSQL ANSI 8.03.02.00 Windows XP.

    This was not an issue with 8.02 driver


    SQLRETURN rc = ::SQLForeignKeys(
    pSQL->Gethstmt(),
    NULL, 0,
    NULL, 0,
    NULL, 0,
    ( SQLCHAR * ) ( *szTableCat ? szTableCat : NULL ),
    ( SQLSMALLINT ) cbTableCat,
    ( SQLCHAR * ) ( *szTableSchem ? szTableSchem : NULL ),
    ( SQLSMALLINT ) cbTableSchem,
    ( SQLCHAR * ) szTableName,
    ( SQLSMALLINT ) cbTableName );


    ----------------------------------------------------------------------

    You can respond by visiting:

    http://pgfoundry.org/tracker/?func=detail&atid=538&aid=1010397&group_id=1000125

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    Re: [pgsql-es-ayuda] Saber permisos de usuarios sobre tablas y vistas.

    Si es para consulta interactiva desde psql, con \dp (o \z) te bastará, pero si deseas acceder a esos datos de manera programada, échale un vistazo a la sección 9.22 del manual de postgresql, donde se describen las funciones del tipo has_X_privilege()

    2008/5/19 Pablo Braulio <brulics@gmail.com>:
    -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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    Hola a todos.

    Estoy iniciandome en el tema de los permisos de los usuarios en las
    bases de datos.

    El tema es, que no se como poder listar los permisos que tiene un
    determinado usuario para cada tabla y vista.

    Se que haciendo un select en pg_tables y pg_views, puedo listar las
    tablas y vistas, pero no he encontrado ninguna tabla de postgres que
    contenga los permisos de los usuarios.

    Igual ya se ha hablado de esto en la lista, pero no lo he encontrado.

    Gracias a todos.
    - --


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    Re: [PERFORM] I/O on select count(*)

    Greg Smith <gsmith@gregsmith.com> writes:
    > The real question in my mind is why this turns into a bottleneck before
    > the similar task of cleaning the 16MB XLOG segment does.

    Because we do the latter off-line, or at least try to.

    regards, tom lane

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    Re: [JDBC] SET client_encoding = 'UTF8'

    Oliver Jowett <oliver@opencloud.com> writes:
    > It sounds like the root cause might be something like "let's feed
    > pg_dump output to JDBC". So we could add a special case in the driver to
    > allow exactly "UTF8" as well as "UNICODE", if that's the canonical way
    > the server spells it these days.

    +1 for that in any case, because UNICODE hasn't been the canonical
    spelling since 8.1.

    regards, tom lane

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    Re: [pgsql-es-ayuda] backup de base de datos

    Leyendo la documentación de pg_dumpall, veo que su opción -r te podría servir.

    El día 19 de mayo de 2008 10:03, Gabriel Ferro <gabrielrferro@yahoo.com.ar> escribió:

    Masters, tengo que hacer un backup de un base de datos con dos esquemas, algunos usarios y algunos grupos, desde windows accedo al servidor con pgadmin III, la cosa es que cuando hago un restore de la DB me da errores en los GRANT ya que los usuarios y grupos aun no existen, hacer un un backup del server no puedo porque hay bd a las que no tengo acceso.
    hay alguna manera de hacer un backup de los usuarios y los grupos? se me ocurre que asi restaurando estos primero podre hacerlo luego con las BD...

    saludos.




    Yahoo! Deportes Beta
    ¡No te pierdas lo último sobre el torneo clausura 2008!
    Enterate aquí http://deportes.yahoo.com

    Re: [PERFORM] I/O on select count(*)

    On Mon, 19 May 2008, Matthew Wakeling wrote:

    > Does it really take that long to zero out 8kB of RAM? I thought CPUs were
    > really quick at doing that!

    You don't get the whole CPU--you get time slices of one. Some of the
    cases complaints have come in about have over a thousand connections all
    fighting for CPU time, and making every one of them block for one guy who
    needs to fiddle with memory for a while can be a problem. If you're
    unlucky you won't even be on the same CPU you started on each time you get
    a little check of time, and you'll run at the speed of RAM rather than
    that of the CPU--again, fighting for RAM access with every other process
    on the server.

    The real question in my mind is why this turns into a bottleneck before
    the similar task of cleaning the 16MB XLOG segment does. I expected that
    one would need to be cracked before the CLOG switch time could possibly be
    an issue, but reports from the field seem to suggest otherwise.

    --
    * Greg Smith gsmith@gregsmith.com http://www.gregsmith.com Baltimore, MD

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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7304 - branches/REL-1_8_0_EDB/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 16:42:33 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7304

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7304&view=rev

    Log:
    Set the password correctly for plugins

    Modified:
    branches/REL-1_8_0_EDB/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/plugins.cpp

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    Re: [JDBC] SET client_encoding = 'UTF8'

    Tom Lane wrote:
    > Daniel Migowski <dmigowski@ikoffice.de> writes:
    >> Kris Jurka schrieb:
    >>> On Sun, 18 May 2008, Daniel Migowski wrote:
    >>>> The command SET client_encoding = 'UTF8'
    >>> throws an exception in the driver, because the driver expects UNICODE.
    >>> This has been discussed before and the problem is that there are a too
    >>> many ways to say UTF8 [1]. You can say UTF8, UTF-8, UTF -- 8, and so
    >>> on. Perhaps we should strip all spaces and dashes prior to comparison?
    >
    > Perhaps we should make the backend return the values of client_encoding
    > and server_encoding in canonical form (ie, "UTF8") regardless of the
    > spelling variant the user used. I'm not thrilled with having JDBC
    > thinking it knows the conversion algorithm the backend uses.
    >
    > Of course, such a change would break code relying on the older behavior
    > :-(

    Not sure if this is a big enough issue to warrant a server change. It
    only happens when a JDBC client issues a manual SET client_encoding to
    an encoding that's UTF8 but isn't spelled "UNICODE". That's going to be
    a no-op anyway, so I'm not entirely clear why the client needs to be
    sending it in the first place.

    It sounds like the root cause might be something like "let's feed
    pg_dump output to JDBC". So we could add a special case in the driver to
    allow exactly "UTF8" as well as "UNICODE", if that's the canonical way
    the server spells it these days.

    -O


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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7303 - in trunk/pgadmin3: . pgadmin/db pgadmin/frm pgadmin/include/db plugins

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 16:39:34 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7303

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7303&view=rev

    Log:
    Allow external utilities such as pg_dump & pg_restore to work with SSL connections.


    Modified:
    trunk/pgadmin3/CHANGELOG
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/db/pgConn.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmBackup.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmBackupGlobals.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmBackupServer.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmRestore.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/plugins.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/include/db/pgConn.h
    trunk/pgadmin3/plugins/utilities.ini

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    Re: [PERFORM] I/O on select count(*)

    Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us> writes:
    > Matthew Wakeling wrote:
    >> Does it really take that long to zero out 8kB of RAM? I thought CPUs were
    >> really quick at doing that!

    > Yea, that was my assumption too.

    You have to write the page (to be sure there is space for it on disk)
    not only zero it.

    This design is kind of a holdover, though, from back when we had one
    ever-growing clog file. Today I'd be inclined to think about managing
    it more like pg_xlog, ie, have some background process pre-create a
    whole segment file at a time.

    regards, tom lane

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    [pgsql-es-ayuda] Saber permisos de usuarios sobre tablas y vistas.

    -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
    Hash: SHA1

    Hola a todos.

    Estoy iniciandome en el tema de los permisos de los usuarios en las
    bases de datos.

    El tema es, que no se como poder listar los permisos que tiene un
    determinado usuario para cada tabla y vista.

    Se que haciendo un select en pg_tables y pg_views, puedo listar las
    tablas y vistas, pero no he encontrado ninguna tabla de postgres que
    contenga los permisos de los usuarios.

    Igual ya se ha hablado de esto en la lista, pero no lo he encontrado.

    Gracias a todos.
    - --


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    iD8DBQFIMZ3PK7lGsMchFswRAoOpAJ4lt2L+p3H08sMrwmQaHH92BjaJcgCfUtLu
    AzImSlNqEEBU1DZTZBQlzwM=
    =TxIr
    -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
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    TIP 6: ¿Has buscado en los archivos de nuestra lista de correo?

    http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-es-ayuda

    [HACKERS] DTrace probes.

    Howdy,

    I just saw Robert Lor's patch w.r.t. dtrace probes. It looks very
    similar in what we've done. We run a nice set of probes in production
    here that allow us to track the details of checkpointing and statement
    execution. I've given a few presentations around these probes and
    have had very positive feedback. They've been available for a while
    now, but I never got around to sending them to the list:

    https://labs.omniti.com/trac/project-dtrace/browser/trunk/postgresql/8.3.1.patch?format=txt

    Documentation is in wiki format, but I'd be happy to convert it to
    something else:

    https://labs.omniti.com/trac/project-dtrace/wiki/Applications#PostgreSQL

    Best regards,

    Theo


    --
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    Esoteric Curio -- http://lethargy.org/
    OmniTI Computer Consulting, Inc. -- http://omniti.com/


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    Re: [GENERAL] Vacuuming on heavily changed databases

    On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 04:59:42PM +0200, Harald Armin Massa wrote:
    > do not vacuum DAILY. set up autovacuum to run AT LEAST every minute.
    > autovacuum will flag the "deleted" rows as to be reusable by next
    > insert. Make sure to use 8.3.<latest>, it's much more easy to setup
    > autovacuum then before.

    Hello Harald,

    Thank you, will look at that. My problem is I have to use 8.0.x, but it
    should be supported.

    Regards,
    Bohdan

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    RE: [pgsql-es-ayuda] Postgres se pasma!!

    ----------------------------------------
    > Date: Fri, 16 May 2008 23:47:29 -0500
    > From: systemguards@gmail.com
    > To: alejandro.dburne@gmail.com
    > Subject: Re: [pgsql-es-ayuda] Postgres se pasma!!
    > CC: rev_angel@hotmail.com; yourpadre@gmail.com; pgsql-es-ayuda@postgresql.org
    >
    > 2008/5/16 Alejandro D. Burne :
    >> El día 16 de mayo de 2008 21:11, Miguel Angel .
    >> escribió:
    >>>
    >>> Disculpen lo que uso es
    >>>
    >>> SO: Linux Debian con nucleo 2.6.18-6-686-bigmem
    >>>
    >>> Memoria: 4 GB
    >>>
    >>
    >> El comando "top" que muestra
    >>
    >
    > Seria interesante ver ademas el postgresql.conf
    >
    > y este servidor funcionaba antes? que le hiciste antes que deje de funcionar?
    >
    >
    > --
    > Atentamente,
    > Jaime Casanova
    > Soporte y capacitación de PostgreSQL
    > Guayaquil - Ecuador
    > Cel. (593) 087171157


    El servidor funcionaba perfectamente y los únicos cambios que se han realizado son dos:
    - Una actualización a los cubos los cuales no tocarón ninguna base de datos solo fueron archivos de configuración de los mismos.
    - Una actualización para el ERP que usamos en el cual si se tuvo que cargar la nueva base quitando la anterior, lo cual fue
    un procedimiento de lo más inocente (respaldar base anterior, borrar, crear y cargar la nueva información en esta base).

    Adjunto mi archivo de postgresql.conf, el log de postgres (como estaba muy grande solo he dejado las últimas partes) y finalmente un archivo el cual contiene las estadísticas del disco duro, el comando top y parte de un script que uso para respaldar las bases de datos.
    El procesador es xeon pero por ahora no recuerdo bien la velocidad aunque puedo garantizar que es uno bastante poderoso.

    Pudieran decirme eué significa entrar en modo interactivo, para poder probar si se puede acceder así?

    _________________________________________________________________
    Tecnología, moda, motor, viajes,…suscríbete a nuestros boletines para estar siempre a la última
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    Re: [GENERAL] Vacuuming on heavily changed databases

    Apart from reinterating what someone else: you're not vacuuming
    anywhere near often often. Normal vacuum takes no locks.

    On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 04:50:18PM +0200, Bohdan Linda wrote:
    > 3) There were suggestions (in archives) doing dump and then restore on
    > dropped database, but still requires downtime.

    CLUSTER will rebuild the table with only the actually used records in
    it. It also requires an exclusive lock so try to keep it small :)

    Have a nice day,
    --
    Martijn van Oosterhout <kleptog@svana.org>

    http://svana.org/kleptog/
    > Please line up in a tree and maintain the heap invariant while
    > boarding. Thank you for flying nlogn airlines.

    Re: [ADMIN] Global / cluster-wide functions

    Joshua D. Drake wrote:
    On Fri, 16 May 2008 15:12:02 -0600 kevin kempter <kevin@kevinkempterllc.com> wrote:    
    Hi List;  Can I install a PL/pgSQL function so it's global to all databases   within a cluster or do I need to install per database ?      
     Install it into template1 then each database created after that will have the function.   

    As a corollary to that, you'll need to create the function in all existing databases, since changes to the template database only apply to new databases.

    --  Chander Ganesan Open Technology Group, Inc. One Copley Parkway, Suite 210 Morrisville, NC  27560 919-463-0999/877-258-8987 http://www.otg-nc.com Ask me about OTG's expert PostgreSQL, PostGIS, and other Open Source training offerings. 

    [pgsql-es-ayuda] backup de base de datos


    Masters, tengo que hacer un backup de un base de datos con dos esquemas, algunos usarios y algunos grupos, desde windows accedo al servidor con pgadmin III, la cosa es que cuando hago un restore de la DB me da errores en los GRANT ya que los usuarios y grupos aun no existen, hacer un un backup del server no puedo porque hay bd a las que no tengo acceso.
    hay alguna manera de hacer un backup de los usuarios y los grupos? se me ocurre que asi restaurando estos primero podre hacerlo luego con las BD...

    saludos.




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    Re: [HACKERS] triggers on prepare, commit, rollback... ?

    Dear Tom,

    >> trigger on "prepare", "commit", "rollback", "savepoint",
    > Yup, and there won't be.

    That's a definite answer!

    > This has been suggested and rejected before. See the archives.

    I'll check into that.

    >> It seems to me that such triggers would be useful to help implement a
    >> "simple" (hmmm...) synchroneous replication system,
    >
    > That argument has no credibility whatever.

    If you say so.

    > We have not even been able to get the replication projects to agree on a
    > common set of custom hooks; the chance that they could get by with
    > triggers on SQL-visible events is nil.

    That is indeed an issue.

    On the other hand, there are several possible strategies to implement
    replication, but ISTM that all should require a hook (whether SQL visible
    or not) at the prepare/commit levels to play around with the 2PC.

    Well, thanks for your answer anyway,

    --
    Fabien.

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    Re: [GENERAL] Vacuuming on heavily changed databases

    Hello,

    > I would like to ask an opinion on vacuuming general. Imagine situation
    > that you have single table with 5 fields (one varchar). This table has
    > during the day
    >
    > - cca 620 000 inserts
    > - 0 updates
    > - cca 620 000 deletes
    >
    > The table is vacuumed daily, but somehow after several months I got to
    > size of ~50GB

    do not vacuum DAILY. set up autovacuum to run AT LEAST every minute.
    autovacuum will flag the "deleted" rows as to be reusable by next
    insert. Make sure to use 8.3.<latest>, it's much more easy to setup
    autovacuum then before.

    best wishes,

    Harald

    --
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    persuadere et programmare
    Harald Armin Massa
    Spielberger Straße 49
    70435 Stuttgart
    0173/9409607
    no fx, no carrier pidgeon
    -
    EuroPython 2008 will take place in Vilnius, Lithuania - Stay tuned!

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    Re: [PERFORM] I/O on select count(*)

    Matthew Wakeling wrote:
    > On Fri, 16 May 2008, Tom Lane wrote:
    > > One additional point: this means that one transaction in every 32K
    > > writing transactions *does* have to do extra work when it assigns itself
    > > an XID, namely create and zero out the next page of pg_clog. And that
    > > doesn't just slow down the transaction in question, but the next few
    > > guys that would like an XID but arrive on the scene while the
    > > zeroing-out is still in progress.
    > >
    > > This probably contributes to the behavior that Simon and Josh regularly
    > > complain about, that our transaction execution time is subject to
    > > unpredictable spikes. I'm not sure how to get rid of it though.
    >
    > Does it really take that long to zero out 8kB of RAM? I thought CPUs were
    > really quick at doing that!

    Yea, that was my assumption too.

    --
    Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>

    http://momjian.us

    EnterpriseDB

    http://enterprisedb.com

    + If your life is a hard drive, Christ can be your backup. +

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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7302 - trunk/www/development

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 15:53:47 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7302

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7302&view=rev

    Log:
    Roadmap update

    Modified:
    trunk/www/development/roadmap.php

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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7301 - in trunk/pgadmin3: . pgadmin/frm pgadmin/ui

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 15:51:48 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7301

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7301&view=rev

    Log:
    Add support for pg_restore's --clean option. Fix single object restores while we're at it.


    Modified:
    trunk/pgadmin3/CHANGELOG
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmRestore.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/ui/frmRestore.xrc
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/ui/xrcDialogs.cpp

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    [GENERAL] Vacuuming on heavily changed databases

    Hello,

    I would like to ask an opinion on vacuuming general. Imagine situation
    that you have single table with 5 fields (one varchar). This table has
    during the day

    - cca 620 000 inserts
    - 0 updates
    - cca 620 000 deletes

    The table is vacuumed daily, but somehow after several months I got to
    size of ~50GB

    Result of VACUUM FULL VERBOSE ANALYZE is:

    Nonremovable row versions range from 102 to 315 bytes long.
    There were 218253801 unused item pointers.
    Total free space (including removable row versions) is 40627058888 bytes.
    4850610 pages are or will become empty, including 0 at the end of the
    table.
    5121624 pages containing 40625563500 free bytes are potential move
    destinations.
    CPU 161.85s/35.51u sec elapsed 1191.17 sec.

    This means 80% wasted space that could be reused. Right now, I am doing
    vacuum full but this requires exclusive lock. During that time the
    database is locked so I am missing "inserts and deletes" ;-)

    I would like to avoid this in future, so I would like to prepare strategy
    how to do it next time or avoid. Basically I have the follwing
    limitations:

    1) sometimes deletes vs vacuum analyze does not help, extra space is not
    relcaimed. Do not know why this is happening, but maybe vacuum cannot get
    lock

    2) manualy evoked vacuum full requires bringing database long-time offline

    3) There were suggestions (in archives) doing dump and then restore on
    dropped database, but still requires downtime.

    What would be your strategy for the database maintenance like this? What
    tweaking of vacuuming can I make, so I do not get those "forgotten"
    records?

    Thank you,
    Bohdan

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    [pgsql-www] Korean Postgres web site is a bad URL

    I am getting a 404 from the Korean Postgres web site listed on our web
    site:

    http://www.postgresql.org/community/international

    The bad link is:

    http://www.ebcom.co.kr/ebcom/case3.html

    I hear the site can be accessed from some places outside the USA.

    Is this a better URL?

    http://postgresql.kr/

    Does anyone have a Korean contact we can ask?

    --
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    http://momjian.us

    EnterpriseDB

    http://enterprisedb.com

    + If your life is a hard drive, Christ can be your backup. +

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    Re: [pgsql-es-ayuda] backup con pg_dump

    Diego Ayala escribió:
    > Si, funciona, por que lo hago con otros bases de datos, mas pequeños, que se
    > guardan sin problemas..!!! , alguien me comento que podria ser el formato
    > tar, que tiene una limitante, ahora voy a investigar sobre el uso del
    > mismo..

    No uses el formato tar. Tiene bugs. Usa -Fc.

    --
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    PostgreSQL Replication, Consulting, Custom Development, 24x7 support
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    Re: [PATCHES] [HACKERS] WITH RECURSIVE patch V0.1

    "Martijn van Oosterhout" <kleptog@svana.org> writes:

    > From an implementation point of view, the only difference between
    > breadth-first and depth-first is that your tuplestore needs to be LIFO
    > instead of FIFO.

    I think it's not so simple. How do you reconcile that concept with the join
    plans like merge join or hash join which expect you to be able to be able to
    process the records in a specific order?

    It sounds like you might have to keep around a stack of started executor nodes
    or something but hopefully we can avoid anything like that because, well, ick.

    --
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    EnterpriseDB

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    Ask me about EnterpriseDB's PostGIS support!

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    Re: [GENERAL] pgxs question - linking c-functions to external libraries

    johnduffy@f2s.com writes:
    > My functions compile fine using PGXS, but don't link against the GSL libraries.
    > How do I specify the GSL libraries as external libraries to link against in the
    > PGXS Makfile? I have tried the following which don't work:

    > PG_CPPFLAGS = -lgsl -lgslcblas
    > PG_LIBS = -lgsl -gslcblas
    > SHLIB_LINK = -lgsl -gslcblas

    > My PGXS makefile is:

    > MODULES pg_gsl
    > PGXS := $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs)
    > include $(PGXS)

    SHLIB_LINK is the right thing for MODULES. Maybe you forgot a -L
    switch?

    regards, tom lane

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    Re: [HACKERS] triggers on prepare, commit, rollback... ?

    Fabien COELHO <coelho@cri.ensmp.fr> writes:
    > I've played with triggers a bit, and I have noticed that there seem to be
    > no way to add a trigger on events such as "prepare", "commit", "rollback",
    > "savepoint",

    Yup, and there won't be. This has been suggested and rejected before.
    See the archives.

    > It seems to me that such triggers would be useful to help implement a
    > "simple" (hmmm...) synchroneous replication system,

    That argument has no credibility whatever. We have not even been able
    to get the replication projects to agree on a common set of custom
    hooks; the chance that they could get by with triggers on SQL-visible
    events is nil.

    regards, tom lane

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    Re: [JDBC] SET client_encoding = 'UTF8'

    Daniel Migowski <dmigowski@ikoffice.de> writes:
    > Kris Jurka schrieb:
    >> On Sun, 18 May 2008, Daniel Migowski wrote:
    >>> The command SET client_encoding = 'UTF8'
    >
    >> throws an exception in the driver, because the driver expects UNICODE.
    >> This has been discussed before and the problem is that there are a too
    >> many ways to say UTF8 [1]. You can say UTF8, UTF-8, UTF -- 8, and so
    >> on. Perhaps we should strip all spaces and dashes prior to comparison?

    Perhaps we should make the backend return the values of client_encoding
    and server_encoding in canonical form (ie, "UTF8") regardless of the
    spelling variant the user used. I'm not thrilled with having JDBC
    thinking it knows the conversion algorithm the backend uses.

    Of course, such a change would break code relying on the older behavior
    :-(

    regards, tom lane

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    [pgsql-es-ayuda] Inquietud sobre mi estado en la Lista

    Buenos días:

    Desde hace yá bastante tiempo, no he recibido a mi correo ninguno de los post de la lista, lo que me hace pensar que fuí retirado de la misma, pero en ningún caso yo he hecho tal solicitud. Solicito por favor verificar mi estado, ya que me considero activo y así deseo seguir.

    Gracias por su colaboración


    William Enrique Parra Alba
    Ingeniero De Sistemas
    Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
    /\ /\
    / //\\ \
    \ \\// /
    / / \ \
    \/ \/



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    Re: [HACKERS] notification information functions

    Hannu Krosing <hannu@krosing.net> writes:
    > How will we know then that all listeners have received their events ?

    We won't, but we don't know that now. In both the current
    implementation and this proposed one, the most you can tell is whether a
    backend has absorbed an event notification, not whether it has passed it
    on to its client. ISTM the timing of the first event is an
    implementation artifact and not interesting for users.

    regards, tom lane

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    Re: [HACKERS] WITH RECURSIVE patch V0.1

    On Sun, 2008-05-18 at 22:17 -0700, David Fetter wrote:
    > On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 12:21:20AM -0400, Gregory Stark wrote:
    > > "Zoltan Boszormenyi" <zb@cybertec.at> writes:
    > > > Also, it seems there are no infinite recursion detection:
    > > >
    > > > # with recursive x(level, parent, child) as (
    > > > select 1::integer, * from test_connect_by where parent is null
    > > > union all
    > > > select x.level + 1, base.* from test_connect_by as base, x where base.child
    > > > = x.child
    > > > ) select * from x;
    > > > ... it waits and waits and waits ...
    > >
    > > Well, psql might wait and wait but it's actually receiving rows. A
    > > cleverer client should be able to deal with infinite streams of
    > > records.
    >
    > That would be a very good thing for libpq (and its descendants) to
    > have :)
    >
    > > I think DB2 does produce a warning if there is no clause it can
    > > determine will bound the results. But that's not actually reliable.
    >
    > I'd think not, as it's (in some sense) a Halting Problem.
    >
    > > It's quite possible to have clauses which will limit the output but
    > > not in a way the database can determine. Consider for example a
    > > tree-traversal for a binary tree stored in a recursive table
    > > reference. The DBA might know that the data contains no loops but
    > > the database doesn't.
    >
    > I seem to recall Oracle's implementation can do this traversal on
    > write operations, but maybe that's just their marketing.

    It may be possible to solve at least some of it by doing something
    similar to hash version of DISTINCT by having an hashtable of tuples
    already returned and not descending branches where you have already
    been.

    > Cheers,
    > David.
    > --
    > David Fetter <david@fetter.org> http://fetter.org/
    > Phone: +1 415 235 3778 AIM: dfetter666 Yahoo!: dfetter
    > Skype: davidfetter XMPP: david.fetter@gmail.com
    >
    > Remember to vote!
    > Consider donating to Postgres: http://www.postgresql.org/about/donate
    >


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    [COMMITTERS] libpqtypes - libpqtypes: bug fix in datetime.c, out-of-range time_t

    Log Message:
    -----------
    bug fix in datetime.c, out-of-range time_t values not 0-basing month value for use with struct tm

    Modified Files:
    --------------
    libpqtypes:
    configure.ac (r1.3 -> r1.4)
    (http://cvs.pgfoundry.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/libpqtypes/libpqtypes/configure.ac.diff?r1=1.3&r2=1.4)
    libpqtypes/src:
    datetime.c (r1.3 -> r1.4)
    (http://cvs.pgfoundry.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/libpqtypes/libpqtypes/src/datetime.c.diff?r1=1.3&r2=1.4)

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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7300 - in trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin: debugger dlg frm

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 14:21:06 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7300

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7300&view=rev

    Log:
    Use wxLogInfo, not wxLogDebug (which doesn't seem to work all the time)


    Modified:
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/debugger/dbgPgThread.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/debugger/dlgDirectDbg.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/dlg/dlgClasses.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/plugins.cpp

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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7299 - trunk/www/development

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 14:16:17 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7299

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7299&view=rev

    Log:
    Update roadmap

    Modified:
    trunk/www/development/roadmap.php

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    [pgadmin-hackers] SVN Commit by dpage: r7298 - in trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin: . agent dlg frm include include/utils slony utils

    Author: dpage

    Date: 2008-05-19 14:00:20 +0100 (Mon, 19 May 2008)

    New Revision: 7298

    Revision summary: http://svn.pgadmin.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?rev=7298&view=rev

    Log:
    Cleanup some externs


    Modified:
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/agent/pgaJob.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/agent/pgaStep.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/dlg/dlgEditGridOptions.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/events.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmBackup.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmBackupGlobals.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmBackupServer.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmHint.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/frm/frmRestore.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/include/pgAdmin3.h
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/include/utils/sysSettings.h
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/pgAdmin3.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/slony/dlgRepCluster.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/utils/misc.cpp
    trunk/pgadmin3/pgadmin/utils/pgconfig.cpp

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    Re: [HACKERS] ignore $PostgreSQL lines in regression tests?

    * Tom Lane (tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us) wrote:
    > Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> writes:
    > > Recently while adding $PostgreSQL markers to a bunch of .c and .h files
    > > I ran into trouble with the ecpg regression tests and had to revert the
    > > change for a handful of files. However, it occurred to me that we could
    > > have pg_regress tell diff to ignore such lines, by passing it the
    > > arguments "-I '\$PostgreSQL:' ", which would tell it to ignore
    > > additions or deletions of lines matching that regex.
    >
    > > Would this be a good thing to do?
    >
    > I'm inclined to think not. It's easy to think of scenarios where such
    > a switch would mask errors.

    I tend to agree with this, though if people decide they want it, you
    could almost certainly tighten up the regexp some to reduce the chance
    of it masking things (eg: I assume a starting anchor ('^') would be
    correct here, and you could almost certainly add the rest of the columns
    which are included in the $Id$ format using appropriately-typed
    wildcards, etc...).

    Thanks,

    Stephen

    Re: [HACKERS] Link requirements creep

    * Tom Lane (tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us) wrote:
    > Greg Smith <gsmith@gregsmith.com> writes:
    > > When we noticed this recently, my digging suggested you'll be hard pressed
    > > to have a RedHat system now without those two installed.
    >
    > Indeed, I've not heard any squawks from the field yet. It's still
    > wrong though ...

    Unsuprisingly, half the world in Debian also depends on libxml2, but I
    agree 110% w/ Tom- it's wrong, and I feel it really ought to be fixed
    regardless. It's entirely likely that there will come a time when it's
    a less used library getting pulled in, too. I also personally hate
    useless clutter in dependencies as it can cause package management
    headaches..

    After poking around a bit I did find a box that only pulled in libxml2
    for subversion, and we've been talking about moving to a different SCM
    (which don't appear to depend on libxml2), so it might eventually only
    be pulled in by psql for us. Not a show-stopper, but it's also not
    completely out of the question that it'll get pulled in unnecessairly.

    Thanks,

    Stephen

    [GENERAL] pgxs question - linking c-functions to external libraries

    Hi

    I have written a number of C-Function which compile and link against the GNU
    Scientific Library libraries 'libgsl' and 'libgslcblas' when using a hand
    written Makefile, but I would like to use PGXS.

    My functions compile fine using PGXS, but don't link against the GSL libraries.
    How do I specify the GSL libraries as external libraries to link against in the
    PGXS Makfile? I have tried the following which don't work:

    PG_CPPFLAGS = -lgsl -lgslcblas
    PG_LIBS = -lgsl -gslcblas
    SHLIB_LINK = -lgsl -gslcblas

    My PGXS makefile is:

    MODULES pg_gsl
    PGXS := $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs)
    include $(PGXS)

    Many thanks
    John


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    Re: [PATCHES] [HACKERS] WITH RECURSIVE patch V0.1

    On Sun, 2008-05-18 at 22:17 -0700, David Fetter wrote:
    > On Mon, May 19, 2008 at 12:21:20AM -0400, Gregory Stark wrote:
    > > "Zoltan Boszormenyi" <zb@cybertec.at> writes:
    > > > Also, it seems there are no infinite recursion detection:
    > > >
    > > > # with recursive x(level, parent, child) as (
    > > > select 1::integer, * from test_connect_by where parent is null
    > > > union all
    > > > select x.level + 1, base.* from test_connect_by as base, x where base.child
    > > > = x.child
    > > > ) select * from x;
    > > > ... it waits and waits and waits ...
    > >
    > > Well, psql might wait and wait but it's actually receiving rows. A
    > > cleverer client should be able to deal with infinite streams of
    > > records.
    >
    > That would be a very good thing for libpq (and its descendants) to
    > have :)
    >
    > > I think DB2 does produce a warning if there is no clause it can
    > > determine will bound the results. But that's not actually reliable.
    >
    > I'd think not, as it's (in some sense) a Halting Problem.
    >
    > > It's quite possible to have clauses which will limit the output but
    > > not in a way the database can determine. Consider for example a
    > > tree-traversal for a binary tree stored in a recursive table
    > > reference. The DBA might know that the data contains no loops but
    > > the database doesn't.
    >
    > I seem to recall Oracle's implementation can do this traversal on
    > write operations, but maybe that's just their marketing.

    It may be possible to solve at least some of it by doing something
    similar to hash version of DISTINCT by having an hashtable of tuples
    already returned and not descending branches where you have already
    been.

    > Cheers,
    > David.
    > --
    > David Fetter <david@fetter.org> http://fetter.org/
    > Phone: +1 415 235 3778 AIM: dfetter666 Yahoo!: dfetter
    > Skype: davidfetter XMPP: david.fetter@gmail.com
    >
    > Remember to vote!
    > Consider donating to Postgres: http://www.postgresql.org/about/donate
    >


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